题目大意：
Given a binary tree where each path going from the root to any leaf form a valid sequence, check if a given string is a valid sequence in such binary tree.
We get the given string from the concatenation of an array of integers arr and the concatenation of all values of the nodes along a path results in a sequence in the given binary tree.
Example 1:
Input: root = [0,1,0,0,1,0,null,null,1,0,0], arr = [0,1,0,1] Output: true Explanation: The path 0 -> 1 -> 0 -> 1 is a valid sequence (green color in the figure). Other valid sequences are: 0 -> 1 -> 1 -> 0 0 -> 0 -> 0
Example 2:
Input: root = [0,1,0,0,1,0,null,null,1,0,0], arr = [0,0,1] Output: false Explanation: The path 0 -> 0 -> 1 does not exist, therefore it is not even a sequence.
Example 3:
Input: root = [0,1,0,0,1,0,null,null,1,0,0], arr = [0,1,1] Output: false Explanation: The path 0 -> 1 -> 1 is a sequence, but it is not a valid sequence.
Constraints:
1 <= arr.length <= 50000 <= arr[i] <= 9- Each node’s value is between [0 – 9].
本题是Leetcode 2020年4月份每天挑战中的一道题目。我们之前无数次强调过，对于二叉树题目，应该下意识想到使用dfs或者bfs来解题。本题也不例外，使用dfs解题会非常简单。我们只需要从根节点dfs向每个叶子节点，找到一条路径与给定数组完全一致即可。
对于任意非叶子节点，如果当前节点的值与当前index（与根节点的距离）对应数组的值不同的话，直接返回false。如果相同的话，我们可以继续向下dfs，即递归至左子节点以及右子节点，两者只要有一方返回true，本层递归即可返回true。
dfs的终止条件是当遇到叶子节点时（左右子节点都是空），看当前叶子节点所在的index（与根节点的距离），如果该index正好是数组中的最后一位，并且该节点值等于数组中最后一位的话，返回true。否则返回false。另外，如果到达叶子节点时index不是数组最后一位，或者到达数组最后一位时，当前节点不是叶子节点，这都属于不合理的路径，返回false。
实现代码：
public boolean isValidSequence(TreeNode root, int[] arr) {
return help(root, arr, 0); // 递归dfs求解
}
public boolean help(TreeNode root, int[] arr, int index) {
// 当前是叶子节点，并且index是数组最后一位
if(root.left==null&&root.right==null&&index==arr.length-1){
// 返回当前节点值是否等于数组最后一位
return root.val==arr[index];
}
// 如果当前是叶子节点，但index不是最后一位
// 或者当前不是叶子，但是index却是最后一位，返回false
if(root.left==null&&root.right==null||index==arr.length-1){
return false;
}
// 如果当前节点不等于数组当前index的值，返回false
if(root.val != arr[index]) return false;
// dfs至左子节点
if(root.left!=null && help(root.left,arr,index+1)) return true;
// dfs至右子节点
if(root.right!=null && help(root.right,arr,index+1)) return true;
return false;
} 本题解法执行时间为0ms。
Runtime: 0 ms, faster than 100.00% of Java online submissions for Check If a String Is a Valid Sequence from Root to Leaves Path in a Binary Tree.
Memory Usage: 40 MB, less than 100.00% of Java online submissions for Check If a String Is a Valid Sequence from Root to Leaves Path in a Binary Tree.
Runtime: 0 ms
Memory Usage: 40 MB
Accepted Solutions Runtime Distribution
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Accepted Solutions Memory Distribution
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