题目大意:
删除链表M个节点后的N个节点
Given the head
of a linked list and two integers m
and n
. Traverse the linked list and remove some nodes in the following way:
- Start with the head as the current node.
- Keep the first
m
nodes starting with the current node. - Remove the next
n
nodes - Keep repeating steps 2 and 3 until you reach the end of the list.
Return the head of the modified list after removing the mentioned nodes.
Follow up question: How can you solve this problem by modifying the list in-place?
Example 1:
Input: head = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13], m = 2, n = 3 Output: [1,2,6,7,11,12] Explanation: Keep the first (m = 2) nodes starting from the head of the linked List (1 ->2) show in black nodes. Delete the next (n = 3) nodes (3 -> 4 -> 5) show in read nodes. Continue with the same procedure until reaching the tail of the Linked List. Head of linked list after removing nodes is returned.
Example 2:
Input: head = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11], m = 1, n = 3 Output: [1,5,9] Explanation: Head of linked list after removing nodes is returned.
Example 3:
Input: head = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11], m = 3, n = 1 Output: [1,2,3,5,6,7,9,10,11]
Example 4:
Input: head = [9,3,7,7,9,10,8,2], m = 1, n = 2 Output: [9,7,8]
Constraints:
- The given linked list will contain between
1
and10^4
nodes. - The value of each node in the linked list will be in the range
[1, 10^6]
. 1 <= m,n <= 1000
如果想查看本题目是哪家公司的面试题,请参考以下免费链接: https://leetcode.jp/problemdetail.php?id=1474
解题思路分析:
本题要求使用原地算法来完成对链表上某些节点的删除工作。换句话说我们不可以新建一个链表,然后再将原链表上需要保留的部分拷贝过来,这样空间复杂度会达到O(n)级别,即不符合原地算法要求。
实际上在原链表中直接删除节点难度并不大,我们可以使用递归或者循环方式来解题。以递归方法为例,递归函数中,我们使用两个变量m和n代表当前状态,当m大于0时,说明当前节点不需删除,将m减一递归至下一节点,递归的返回值为下一节点对象,并将该对象设置为当前节点的下一节点。当m等于0时,代表当前位置开始的节点需要被删除,因此我们不做任何处理,将n减一后递归至下一节点,递归的返回值为当前返回值。当m和0同时为0时,代表已经走完一组流程,此时将m和n复原,重复上述步骤。当前节点为空时递归终止。
实现代码:
int mm,nn; public ListNode deleteNodes(ListNode head, int m, int n) { mm=m; // 将m和n保存为全局变量 nn=n; return helper(head,m,n); // 递归求解 } ListNode helper(ListNode head, int m, int n){ if(head==null) return null; // 当前节点为空,返回空 if(n==0){ // 如果以删除完n个节点,复原m和n值继续 m=mm; n=nn; } if(m>0){ // 如果m大于0,当前元素需要保留 // 当前节点的下一节点为递归返回值 head.next=helper(head.next,m-1,n); // 返回当前节点 return head; }else{ // 如果m等于0,当前元素需要删除 // 递归到下一节点,递归返回之为当前返回值。 return helper(head.next,m,n-1); } }
本题解法执行时间为1ms。
Runtime: 1 ms, faster than 58.76% of Java online submissions for Delete N Nodes After M Nodes of a Linked List.
Memory Usage: 48.8 MB, less than 100.00% of Java online submissions for Delete N Nodes After M Nodes of a Linked List.
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